Fig. 2
From: A new data-driven paradigm for the study of avian migratory navigation

Navigational Umwelt of a migrating individual consists of its perceptual world and effector world. Perceptual world is full of potential navigational cues and environmental factors (e.g. wind). The individual’s response to the experienced values of these cues and factors leads to navigational decisions. These decisions are reflected in movement patterns as part of the effector world. In data they are represented as geographic trajectories and related movement parameters (speed, heading, turning angle and others)